Tropical Killifish

Killifish are a member of the order Cyprinodontiformes, or egg-laying toothed carp. They are related to the livebearer tooth carps, the platy and molly. With the exception of two or three regions, the killifish can be found worldwide, and in the broadest possible range of conditions from small mud puddles, to creeks, stagnant ponds, and even hot springs.

Because they live in extreme conditions, such as seasonal droughts, many species of killifish die out each season when their water homes dry up. But their spawn lives on in encapsulated and protected shells, buried in the substrate of their environment. This unique trait, allows eggs to be collected and shipped, for hatching in commercial or private aquariums. Other species of killifish with more hospitable surroundings, will lay their eggs in crevices or under rocks. However, they are cannibalistic, and because they subsist mainly on live, small foods, they often eat their young. A favorite food is mosquito larvae, and they have even at times, been tried as “pest control” in open ponds.

They are considered by most hobbyists to be an aggressive fish due to their cannibilism, and may only be suited to aquariums of various members of their own species. The harsh natural conditions in which they evolved, mean they can be accommodated in a wide range of tank temperatures and water quality, although cleanliness and some circulation is recommended. Does well in aquariums of 20-gallons or more.

Size is dependant on the species that you acquire. Because of their relative rarity, they are not often found in pet stores, but there are numerous regional and national organizations and clubs dedicated to the killifish, and an interested hobbyist can usually purchase eggs or fry from club members. Inquire at your local tropical fish supply store for local breeders.

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